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Understanding cooperation and conflict in plant symbionts The traditional idea of symbiosis — long-term interactions between two organisms — is that the participants mutually benefit each other. However, researchers have debated whether the interests of the symbionts always line up with the hosts they… Read more at nsf.gov

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NSF funds new projects to study local and global impacts of a rapidly changing Arctic The U.S. National Science Foundation has awarded a new round of grants under the Navigating the New Arctic, or NNA, program. The awards support research projects to study the Arctic's changing natural, built and social environments. The work will… Read more at nsf.gov

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New model sheds light on day/night cycle in the global ocean Phytoplankton are the foundation of all life on the planet. Understanding how these photosynthetic organisms react to their ocean environment is important to understanding the rest of the food web. But computer models of the global ocean… Read more at nsf.gov

Stars determine their own masses Last year, a team of astrophysicists launched Star Formation in Gaseous Environments, or STARFORGE, a project that produces the most realistic, highest-resolution 3D simulations of star formation to date. Now, the scientists have used these… Read more at nsf.gov

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Subsurface water on Mars defies expectations A new analysis of seismic data from the InSight mission to Mars has revealed some surprises. The first: the top 300 meters of the subsurface beneath the InSight landing site near the Martian equator contains little to no ice. "We find that Mars'… Read more at nsf.gov

Even modest climate change may dramatically alter Earth's northernmost forests Even relatively modest climate warming and associated precipitation shifts may dramatically alter Earth's northernmost forests. The woodlands constitute one of the planet's largest nearly intact forested ecosystems and are home to a big chunk of the… Read more at nsf.gov

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Engineers build a self-aware, self-training robot that can avoid obstacles and assess damage Engineers at Columbia University working on a project enabled by the National Artificial Intelligence Institute in Dynamic Systems and three separate grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation have built a robot that learns from itself instead… Read more at nsf.gov

Day or night — your brain is always listening You're fast asleep. But your brain isn't taking the night off, according to new research funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation. Researchers studied activity in the human cerebral cortex in response to music and other sounds. They observed… Read more at nsf.gov

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By Zolan Kanno-Youngs, Stacy Cowley and Jim Tankersley from NYT U.S. https://ift.tt/362kLAP

NSF announces new awards to understand coastal systems and tackle coastal hazards U.S. coastlines are heavily populated areas with critical public resources, such as housing, transportation infrastructure, freshwater supplies, and electricity generation and distribution facilities. These coastlines are also increasingly vulnerable… Read more at nsf.gov

Researchers create an immersible glove with a secure grip Researchers at Virginia Tech, working on a project made possible by a grant from the U.S. National Science Foundation, have developed a glove they designed based on the adhesive abilities of the octopus. The result is a glove that can be used… Read more at nsf.gov

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First light observations of chemically rich star HD 222925 captured The U.S. National Science Foundation's NOIRLab-operated Gemini South Telescope used its latest upgrade — GHOST, the Gemini High-resolution Optical SpecTrograph — to capture observations of HD 222925, a star more than 1,400 light years away. The star… Read more at nsf.gov

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Researchers use artificial intelligence to create a 'treasure map' of undiscovered ant species Although small, invertebrates have an outsized influence on their environments, pollinating plants, breaking down organic matter and speeding up nutrient cycling. And what they lack in stature, they make up for in diversity. With more than 1 million… Read more at nsf.gov

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Understanding how rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries work Researchers have hoped that rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide batteries — which promise safety, low cost and environmental sustainability — could be developed into a viable option for grid storage applications. Engineers at the University of… Read more at nsf.gov

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New NSF awards seek to broaden participation in biology through research experiences for recent college graduates To reduce the barriers to entry into careers in the biological sciences and produce a more diverse workforce, the U.S. National Science Foundation has made 12 new awards totaling more than $35 million through its Research and Mentoring for… Read more at nsf.gov

Researchers develop online training module to counteract the negative effects of stress on adolescents Adolescents are showing record levels of anxiety, depression and stress. A team of researchers working on a project made possible by two grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation has developed a 30-minute online training module that teaches… Read more at nsf.gov

New research uncovers the internal structure of spider silk Scientists at William & Mary funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation studied spider silk in such detail they were able to determine the structure of the silk fibers. Spider silk is known for its strength and durability. "Scientists all over… Read more at nsf.gov

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